Clubfoot
What is Clubfoot?
Clubfoot (also called talipes equinovarus) is a condition present at birth where one or both feet are turned inward and downward. It’s one of the most common congenital foot deformities and affects about 1 in every 1,000 babies.
What Causes Clubfoot?
The exact cause is unknown, but it likely results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Boys are affected slightly more often than girls, and in some cases, it may run in families.
What to Look For (Physical Examination)
Clubfoot is usually diagnosed at birth—or even before, during a prenatal scan. You’ll notice that your baby’s foot (or both feet) appear twisted or turned inward. The calf muscle may also appear smaller than normal, and the foot may feel stiff.
How are Club Feet Treated?
The gold standard for treating clubfoot is the Ponseti method—a non-surgical approach that uses gentle manipulation and serial casting over several weeks. After correction, your child may need to wear special braces (foot abduction braces) to keep the foot in the correct position as they grow.
In some cases, a minor surgical procedure may be required to release a tight tendon.
Possible Complications
Without treatment, clubfoot can lead to permanent disability and difficulty walking. Even with treatment, there may be a small risk of recurrence—especially if bracing is not followed as advised.
Tests and Investigations
In most cases, no special tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis. If picked up on a prenatal ultrasound,
follow-up evaluation after birth is essential. In certain situations, X-rays may be used to understand the severity or rule out other conditions.
What to Expect
(Outcomes)
With the correct management most children will be able to run and participate in sport. They may have a slightly smaller foot and calf, but this shouldn’t restrict them.
Do you have a Question?
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